Fuel oil burner nozzle



March 25, 19 c. s. GILLETTE ETAL FUEL OIL BURNER NOZZLE Filed June 1, 1959 INVENTOR CLAUDE S. GILLETTE BY RALPH c. BR/ERL) 4K ATTO R N EY Patented Mar. 25, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FUEL OIL BURNER NOZZLE Application June 1, 1939, Serial No. 276,840

4 Claims.

(Granted under the act of March 3, Wilt, as

amended April 30,

This invention relates to a fuel oil burner nozzle, and has for an object to provide a fuel oil burner nozzle of a semi-wide range capacity, especially intended for use in a fuel oil furnace or boiler of the type where there is a widerange of demand for power, and where it is further essential that the power be supplied as emciently as possible throughout the range.

At the present time this wide range of power is most eficiently supplied by providing as many as a hall dozen or more different sprayer plates for each burner, each plate having a different drill size opening, with each particular drill size opening providing comparative emcience within a certain range of capacity. This is due to the fact that the oil must he atomized by pressure and heyond a certain comparatively small range in pro sure for a certain size sprayer plate opening the oil is no longer being efliciently atomized. Hence, in order to supply the oil at a diderent rate properly atomized into the furnace, it is necessary with the present burner to use the half dozen or more sprayer plates. One sprayer plate, for instance, will be comparatively efficient when supplying 100 pounds of oil per hour per nozzle. The next size opening sprayer plate takes care of from 100 to 200 pounds, and so on up to the mum capacity of the furnace.

When such furnaces or boilers are used on naval vessels it is very inconvenient to have to shift the sprayer plates every time the vessel needs more or less power, such as during maneuvering, causing either a loss of time in the maneuver while the shift takes place, or lneiflciency by utilizing a sprayer plate already in position beyond its efiicient range. The lack of emciency necessarily results in the cruising range of the vessel being diminished for a given quantity of fuel carried by the vessel.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved nozzle which cuts down this need for a half dozen or more sprayer plates to only one or two changes in sprayer plates and still provide maximum efiiciency throughout the range of capacity of the furnace. With the improved nozzle of this invention instead of needing a different sprayer plate with a different size opening for each 100 pounds per hour capacity or so, a different sprayer plate is needed with this invention for about each 500 pounds range per hour in capacity. Thus with a furnace having a capacity range of 1000 pounds per hour, only two instead of ten sprayer plates will be needed, thereby enabling the vessel to operate at maximum cmtill 1923; 370 0. (It. W57] ciency at all times and greatly increase its cruising range for the same quantity of fuel.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter 5 described and illustrated in the drawing, in which,

Fig. l is a sectional exploded view of a burner including the improved nozzle of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of the nnproved nozzle hloclr.

Fig. 3 is a front elevational view of a sprayer plate having one size drill opening therethrough.

Fig. i is a rear elevational view of a sprayer plate of another size drill opening therethrough.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a nozzle hloclr. used prior to this invention; and

Fig. ii is a front elevational view of the old nozzle hlcclr of Fig. 5.

There is shown at it the oil burner which includes a conventional nut tip ii, a sprayer plate it, and the improved nozzle hloclr it of this invention. ht it is shown the old style nozzle block, and at it is shown a sprayer plate having one size opening l'l, while the sprayer plate i2 has a different size opg id.

The old style nozzle hloclr it is used together with a nut tip it and either of the sprayer plates it or to, or other sprayer plates having openings 1 of various other sizes than those shown at ll and id to provide the formerly known type of burner.

The old burner thus assembled is emcient only between a range of pressures from 225 to 300 pounds per square inch, and with every change in capacity or quantity of fuel, it is necessary to change the particular sprayer plate in use for a dlflerent sprayer plate having the proper size opening therethrough. In this old nozzle bloclr it the oil is delivered from a barrel to which it is connected by the internal threads to, the oil then passing through the outwardly angling feed openings 2| to the narrow annulus 22 about the wide boss 23, this hoss l3 being usually one-half inch in diameter, while the annulus 22 has a width substantially equal to the diameter of the openings 2|. The fuel then passes from the annulus 22 through the tangential slots 24 in the rear face 25 of the sprayer plate and into the whirling chamber 26, and thence through the opening l8 in atomized condition into the burner, provided the proper range of pressure between 225 and 300 pounds per square inch is maintained. To go above this pressure has no effect in increasing the capacity, while dropping below this pressure causes decreased fineness of atomization and finally drooling, with decreased efficiency. Hence, in order to supply 011 to the furnace at a different rate it is necessary to cut oil the fuel to this particular burner, remove the nut tip I l and replace the sprayer plate with one having a different size aperture therethrough.

In this invention the nozzle block I4 has a plurality of feed openings 21 leading straight through to the front face of the nozzle where the openings 21 terminate in an annulus 28 of substantially greater width than the diameter of the openings 21, and surrounding a boss 30 of much lesser diameter than the boss 23 of the old nozzle block 15, this boss 30 being preferably of an inch in diameter and barely larger than the maximum diameter of the whirling chamber 26 in the sprayer plate.

Comparing the improved nozzle H with the old nozzle block l5, it will be seen that the nozzle block I 4 has its feed openings 21 extending straight through the nozzle block instead of at an angle as at 2| in the old nozzle block IS. The improved nozzle block I has six feed openings 21, as compared to the four feed openings 2| of the old nozzle block I 5. The improved nozzle block M has a wide annulus 28 compared to the narrow annulus 22 of the old nozzle block, and finally, the improved nozzle block I 4 has a smaller diameter boss 30 as compared to the wide diameter boss 23 of the old nozzle block i5. These differences, slight though they may appear to be, have the tremendous and unexpected result of enabling a burner to be assembled which needs at the most but one or two sprayer plates I2 and I 6, as compared to the half dozen or more sprayer plates of a burner including the old nozzle block i5. Utilizing the improved nozzle block I4 of this invention it has been found that the range in pressure instead of being restricted to between 225 to 300 pounds per square inch may be increased to from '75 to 500 pounds per square inch, and even up to from to 700 pounds per square inch without serious loss of efiiciency. It is thus possible with the improved nozzle block i l to eificiently feed quantities of oil with a. range of 500 pounds per hour per sprayer plate as compared with a range of only 100 pounds per hour per sprayer plate with the old nozzle l5. Thus, with the furnace having a range in capacity of 1000 pounds per hour only two sprayer plates would be needed with the improved nozzle block H, as compared to ten sprayer plates needed with the old nozzle block IS in order to attain the same eificiency while maintaining the same range in capacity.

There is thus provided a semi-wide range burner utilizing the improved nozzle block of this invention, making it possible to take care of the full range of capacity of a boiler with only one, or at most two, changes in sprayer plate sizes, as compared to the narrow range burner necessitating a half dozen or more changes in sprayer plate sizes.

Other modifications and changes in the pro portions and arrangements of the parts may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the nature of the invention, within the scope of what is hereinafter claimed.

The invention described herein may be manufactured and/or used by or for the Government of the United States of America. for governmental purposes without the payment of any royalties thereon or therefor.

Having thus set forth and disclosed the nature of this invention, what is claimed is:

1. In an oil burner including a nut tip, a sprayer plate having on its rear face a whirling chamber terminating in an opening through the plate, and a nozzle block. the improvement of an annulus in the front face of the nozzle block, and a small diameter boss within said annulus, the diameter of said boss being barely larger than the maximum diameter of the whirling chamber of the sprayer plate.

2. In an oil burner including a nut tip, a. sprayer plate having on its rear face a plurality of slots leading tangentially to a whirling chamber, the whirling chamber terminating in an opening through the plate, and a nozzle block, the improvement of an annulus in the front face of the nozzle block of subtantial width, and a small diameter boss within said annulus, the diameter of said boss being barely larger than the maximum diameter of the whirling chamber of the sprayer plate.

3. In an oil burner including a nut tip, a sprayer plate having on its rear face a plurality of slots leading to a whirling chamber, the whirling chamber terminating in an opening through the plate, and a nozzle block having a plurality of fuel feed openings leading to the front face thereof, the improvement of an annulus in the front face of the nozzle block of substantially greater width than the width of the fuel feed openings, and a small diameter boss within said annulus, the diameter of said boss being barely larger than the maximum diameter of the whirling chamber of the sprayer plate.

4. In an oil burner including a nut tip, a sprayer plate having on its rear face a plurality of slots leading tangentially to a whirling chamber, the whirling chamber terminating in an opening through the plate, and a nozzle block having a plurality of fuel feed openings leading from the rear face to the front face thereof, the improvement of an annulus in the front face of the nozzle block of substantially greater width than the width of the fuel feed openings, a small diameter boss within said annulus, the diameter of said boss being barely larger than the maximum diameter of the whirling chamber of the sprayer plate.

CLAUDE S. GILLETTE. RALPH C. BRIERLY. 

